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Nyaya Vidhiन्याय विधि · Indian Law, Lucid
Environment Protection Act·Chapter III·Prevention, Control and Abatement of Environmental Pollution

Persons handling hazardous substances to comply with procedural safeguards

Verbatim from the Act

No person shall handle or cause to be handled any hazardous substance except in accordance with such procedure and after complying with such safeguards as may be prescribed.

Section 8, Environment Protection Act 1986

In plain English

What this section actually means

If Section 7 caps the discharge, Section 8 caps the conduct. Anyone who 'handles' (a very wide term — see Section 2(d)) any 'hazardous substance' (Section 2(e)) must follow the prescribed procedure and safeguards. The procedural framework sits in Rule 13 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and in three principal subsidiary rules:

• Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 — for hazardous wastes; • Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 — for hazardous chemicals; • Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Micro-organisms / Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells Rules, 1989 — for GMOs.

Because 'handling' covers every commercial step from manufacture to sale (Section 2(d)), this section in practice means: no licence, no permit, no SOP, no Material Safety Data Sheet ⇒ no business with the substance. Non-compliance is, like Section 7, prosecutable under Section 15.

Visual

See how it flows

Old vs new

Three sets of rules — which one applies?

Pick the correct rule before drafting a compliance manual; the procedural safeguards differ.

Type of substance
Applicable Rule
  • Solid / liquid hazardous waste from industry
    Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management) Rules, 2016
  • Hazardous chemicals (manufacture / storage / import)
    MSIHC Rules, 1989
  • GMOs and engineered organisms
    Rules for GMOs, 1989

Real life

What this looks like in real life

Real-life scenario

Chemical importer skips MSDS and packaging norms

Setup. An importer brings in 4 tonnes of an organic peroxide without sending the MSDS to the receiving warehouse and without complying with UN packaging norms required under the MSIHC Rules.

What the law does. Direct Section 8 violation. Even if no spill occurs, the absence of prescribed procedure is the offence. Customs can stop release; MoEFCC can issue Section 5 closure direction; Section 15 prosecution can run in parallel.

Applies under Section 8 read with MSIHC Rules, 1989Consignment held; cleanup or re-export; criminal liability.

Cross-references

Read this alongside

  • Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991§Section 4·Mandates no-fault compensation insurance for handling of 'hazardous substances' — uses the same definition as Section 2(e) EPA.
  • Bhopal Gas Leak (Processing of Claims) Act, 1985§·EPA's Section 8 was Parliament's structural response to the Bhopal tragedy of 1984.

Frequently asked

Questions about Section 8

Open this section in the source PDF

Environment Protection Act, 1986.pdf

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